On May 21, 2025, India observes National Anti-Terrorism Day, honoring former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, assassinated on this day in 1991 by a Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) suicide bomber in Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu. Established by the V.P. Singh government, the day promotes peace, unity, and awareness about terrorism’s devastating impact, with pledge ceremonies and educational events held nationwide. India’s firm stance against terrorism, rooted in decades of challenges, reflects significant progress through robust laws, global cooperation, and public vigilance.

Historical Context: A Nation’s Response to Tragedy

National Anti-Terrorism Day was instituted in 1992 to commemorate Rajiv Gandhi’s martyrdom and to educate citizens, especially youth, about terrorism’s destructive effects. Gandhi, India’s youngest prime minister, was killed during an election rally, an event that shocked the nation and highlighted the threat of cross-border terrorism. The V.P. Singh government designated May 21 to foster national harmony and deter extremist ideologies. Since then, the day has been marked by anti-terrorism pledges in government offices, schools, and public institutions, emphasizing non-violence and unity.

India’s Evolving Stance on Terrorism

India’s approach to terrorism is one of zero tolerance, shaped by its history of facing insurgencies, separatist movements, and cross-border attacks, such as the 2008 Mumbai attacks and the 2019 Pulwama bombing. The government has enacted stringent laws like the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), amended to enhance counter-terrorism measures, and established the National Investigation Agency (NIA) to investigate terror-related cases. Operation Sindoor, highlighted by PM Narendra Modi in May 2025, underscored India’s proactive stance, signaling a “new normal” of decisive action against terrorism.

Progress in Combating Terrorism

India has made significant strides in counter-terrorism. The Global Terrorism Index (GTI) 2024 ranks India 14th among terror-affected nations, a slight decline from previous years, with deaths from terrorism dropping by 9% globally in 2022. Enhanced intelligence, border security, and international cooperation, including with the UN’s Counter-Terrorism Strategy, have bolstered India’s efforts. Digital campaigns and educational programs, as encouraged by the Ministry of Home Affairs, engage youth to prevent radicalization, while community rallies and seminars promote unity.

Challenges and Future Outlook

Despite progress, challenges persist, including cross-border threats and local radicalization. Criticism of laws like UAPA for potential misuse highlights the need to balance security with human rights. National Anti-Terrorism Day 2025, with its unannounced theme, will likely emphasize vigilance and peace, urging citizens to report suspicious activities. India’s commitment, as voiced by leaders like Amit Shah at the 2024 Anti-Terrorism Conference, remains unwavering, aiming for a terror-free future through collective action.

-By Manoj H